10540283 1999 12 17 1999 12 17 2006 11 15

0950-382X 34 1 1999 Oct Mol. Microbiol. Transcription regulation of the nir gene cluster encoding nitrite reductase of Paracoccus denitrificans involves NNR and NirI, a novel type of membrane protein. 24-36 The nirIX gene cluster of Paracoccus denitrificans is located between the nir and nor gene clusters encoding nitrite and nitric oxide reductases respectively. The NirI sequence corresponds to that of a membrane-bound protein with six transmembrane helices, a large periplasmic domain and cysteine-rich cytoplasmic domains that resemble the binding sites of [4Fe-4S] clusters in many ferredoxin-like proteins. NirX is soluble and apparently located in the periplasm, as judged by the predicted signal sequence. NirI and NirX are homologues of NosR and NosX, proteins involved in regulation of the expression of the nos gene cluster encoding nitrous oxide reductase in Pseudomonas stutzeri and Sinorhizobium meliloti. Analysis of a NirI-deficient mutant strain revealed that NirI is involved in transcription activation of the nir gene cluster in response to oxygen limitation and the presence of N-oxides. The NirX-deficient mutant transiently accumulated nitrite in the growth medium, but it had a final growth yield similar to that of the wild type. Transcription of the nirIX gene cluster itself was controlled by NNR, a member of the family of FNR-like transcriptional activators. An NNR binding sequence is located in the middle of the intergenic region between the nirI and nirS genes with its centre located at position -41.5 relative to the transcription start sites of both genes. Attempts to complement the NirI mutation via cloning of the nirIX gene cluster on a broad-host-range vector were unsuccessful, the ability to express nitrite reductase being restored only when the nirIX gene cluster was reintegrated into the chromosome of the NirI-deficient mutant via homologous recombination in such a way that the wild-type nirI gene was present directly upstream of the nir operon. Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Faculty of Biology, BioCentrum Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1087, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Saunders N F NF Houben E N EN Koefoed S S de Weert S S Reijnders W N WN Westerhoff H V HV De Boer A P AP Van Spanning R J RJ eng GENBANK AF005358 U47133 U94899 PDB P33943 Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

ENGLAND Mol Microbiol 8712028 0 Bacterial Proteins 0 DNA-Binding Proteins 0 Membrane Proteins 0 NNR protein, Paracoccus denitrificans 0 NirI protein, Paracoccus denitrificans 0 NirX protein, Paracoccus denitrificans 0 Transcription Factors EC 1.7.- Nitrite Reductases IM Amino Acid Sequence Bacterial Proteins Base Sequence DNA-Binding Proteins Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Genetic Complementation Test Membrane Proteins chemistry genetics metabolism Molecular Sequence Data Multigene Family Mutation Nitrite Reductases genetics metabolism Paracoccus denitrificans genetics metabolism Protein Structure, Secondary Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Transcription Factors genetics metabolism Transcription, Genetic 10612833 2000 01 20 2000 01 20 2007 11 14

1098-1004 15 1 2000 Jan Hum. Mutat. Erratum: analysis of DNA elements that modulate myosin VIIa expression in humans. 114-5 Usher syndromeIb (USH1B), an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in myosin VIIa (MYO7A), is characterized by congenital profound hearing loss, vestibular abnormalities and retinitis pigmentosa. Promoter elements in the 5 kb upstream of the translation start were identified using adult retinal pigment epithelium cells (ARPE-19) as a model system. A 160 bp minimal promoter within the first intron was active in ARPE-19 cells, but not in HeLa cells that do not express MYO7A. A 100 bp sequence, 5' of the first exon, and repeated with 90% homology within the first intron, appeared to modulate expression in both cell lines. Segments containing these elements were screened by heteroduplex analysis. No heteroduplexes were detected in the minimal promoter, suggesting that this sequence is conserved. A -2568 A>T transversion in the 5' 100 bp repeat, eliminating a CCAAT element, was found only in USH1B patients. However, in all 5 families, -2568 A>T was in cis with the same missense mutation in the myosin VIIa tail (Arg1240Gln), and 4 of the 5 families were Dutch. These observations suggest either 1) linkage disequilibrium or 2)that a combination of a promoter mutation with a less active myosin VIIa protein results in USH1B. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Center for Hereditary Communication Disorders, Boys Town National Research Hospital Omaha, NE, USA. ortend@boystown.org Orten D J DJ Weston M D MD Kelley P M PM Cremers C W CW Wagenaar M M Jacobson S G SG Kimberling W J WJ eng DC00677 DC United States NIDCD DC00982 DC United States NIDCD DC03351 DC United States NIDCD Corrected and Republished Article Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

UNITED STATES Hum Mutat 9215429 EC 3.6.1.33 myosin VIIa EC 3.6.1.4 Myosins EC 3.6.4.2 Dynein ATPase IM Hum Mutat. 1999 Oct;14(4):354 10502787 Amino Acid Substitution Cell Line Dynein ATPase Gene Expression Regulation Hearing Loss, Sensorineural genetics metabolism Hela Cells Humans Linkage Disequilibrium Mutation, Missense Myosins biosynthesis genetics Pedigree Pigment Epithelium of Eye metabolism Polymerase Chain Reaction Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length Promoter Regions (Genetics) Retinitis Pigmentosa genetics metabolism Syndrome Vestibular Diseases genetics metabolism 10737756 2000 04 13 2000 04 13 2004 11 17

0022-2623 43 6 2000 Mar 23 J. Med. Chem. Phosphorylated morpholine acetal human neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists as water-soluble prodrugs. 1234-41 The regioselective dibenzylphosphorylation of 2 followed by catalytic reduction in the presence of N-methyl-D-glucamine afforded 2-(S)-(1-(R)-(3, 5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethoxy)-3-(S)-(4-fluoro)phenyl-4-(5-(2- phosphoryl-3-oxo-4H,-1,2,4-triazolo)methylmorpholine, bis(N-methyl-D-glucamine) salt, 11. Incubation of 11 in rat, dog, and human plasma and in human hepatic subcellular fractions in vitro indicated that conversion to 2 would be expected to occur in vivo most readily in humans during hepatic circulation. Conversion of 11 to 2 occurred rapidly in vivo in the rat and dog with the levels of 11 being undetectable within 5 min after 1 and 8 mg/kg doses iv in the rat and within 15 min after 0.5, 2, and 32 mg/kg doses iv in the dog. Compound 11 has a 10-fold lower affinity for the human NK-1 receptor as compared to 2, but it is functionally equivalent to 2 in preclinical models of NK-1-mediated inflammation in the guinea pig and cisplatin-induced emesis in the ferret, indicating that 11 acts as a prodrug of 2. Based in part on these data, 11 was identified as a novel, water-soluble prodrug of the clinical candidate 2 suitable for intravenous administration in humans. Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, and Merck, Sharp & Dohme, Neuroscience Research Centre, Terlings Park, Eastwick Road, Harlow, Essex CM20 2QR, U.K. jeffrey_hale@merck.com Hale J J JJ Mills S G SG MacCoss M M Dorn C P CP Finke P E PE Budhu R J RJ Reamer R A RA Huskey S E SE Luffer-Atlas D D Dean B J BJ McGowan E M EM Feeney W P WP Chiu S H SH Cascieri M A MA Chicchi G G GG Kurtz M M MM Sadowski S S Ber E E Tattersall F D FD Rupniak N M NM Williams A R AR Rycroft W W Hargreaves R R Metzger J M JM MacIntyre D E DE eng Journal Article

UNITED STATES J Med Chem 9716531 0 2-(1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethoxy)-3-(4-fluoro)phenyl-4-(5-(2-phosphoryl-3-oxo-4H,-1,2,4-triazolo))methylmorpholine, bis(N-methylglucamine) salt 0 Acetals 0 Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal 0 Antiemetics 0 Antineoplastic Agents 0 L 754030 0 Morpholines 0 Prodrugs 0 Receptors, Neurokinin-1 15663-27-1 Cisplatin 7732-18-5 Water IM Acetals chemical synthesis chemistry metabolism pharmacology Animals Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal chemical synthesis chemistry metabolism pharmacology Antiemetics chemical synthesis chemistry metabolism pharmacology Antineoplastic Agents Cisplatin Dogs Drug Evaluation, Preclinical Ferrets Guinea Pigs Humans Morpholines chemical synthesis chemistry metabolism pharmacology Prodrugs chemical synthesis chemistry metabolism pharmacology Rats Receptors, Neurokinin-1 antagonists & inhibitors Solubility Stereoisomerism Structure-Activity Relationship Vomiting chemically induced drug therapy Water 10854512 2000 06 29 2000 06 29 2004 11 17

1432-2218 14 1 2000 Jan Inflammatory fibroid polyp of the duodenum. 86 Duodenal inflammatory fibroid polyps (IFP) are extemely rare lesions indistinguishable from submucosal tumors by endoscopic inspection alone. Like gastric inflammatory fibroid polyps, they can be managed by endoscopic polypectomy or mucosectomy. However, preoperative diagnosis of this benign lesion is difficult. Here we present a case of duodenal IFP causing gastrointestinal bleeding that was evaluated by endoscopic ultrasound before surgical removal. On endosonography, the duodenal IFP appeared as a coarsely heterogeneous isoechoic and hypoechoic mass circumscribed by a distinct margin and arising from the third layer of the duodenal wall. The endosonographic appearance of this lesion was in marked contrast to that previously reported for gastric IFPs, which have tended to appear as hypoechoic homogeneous lesions with indistinct margins. Endosonographic evaluation of suspected IFPs before endoscopic or surgical treatment is useful. However, the endosonographic appearances of duodenal and gastric IFPs may be significantly different, possibly because of differences in the makeup of the duodenal and gastric walls. Division of Gastroenterology, ChangHua Christian Medical Center, ChangHua, Taiwan. Soon M S MS Lin O S OS eng Case Reports Journal Article 1999 11 25

UNITED STATES Surg Endosc 8806653 IM Duodenal Neoplasms complications pathology surgery Duodenitis etiology pathology surgery Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal Endosonography Female Fibroma pathology surgery Gastric Mucosa pathology Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage etiology pathology surgery Humans Intestinal Polyps complications pathology surgery Middle Aged 10972993 2000 09 26 2000 09 26 2007 11 14

0899-1987 28 4 2000 Aug Mol. Carcinog. Altered expression of BRCA1, BRCA2, and a newly identified BRCA2 exon 12 deletion variant in malignant human ovarian, prostate, and breast cancer cell lines. 236-46 Germline mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 predispose to hereditary breast, ovarian, and possibly prostate cancer, yet structural mutations in these genes are infrequent in sporadic cancer cases. To better define the involvement of these genes in sporadic cancers, we characterized expression levels of BRCA1 and BRCA2 transcripts in cancer cell lines derived from neoplasms of the ovary, prostate, and breast and compared them with those expressed in primary cultures of normal epithelial cells established from these organs. We observed upregulation of BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 expression in six of seven ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCA420, OVCA429, OVCA432, ALST, DOV13, and SKOV3) when compared with levels found in normal ovary surface epithelial cells. Furthermore, five cancerous or immortalized prostatic epithelial cell lines (BPH-1, TSU-Pr1, LNCaP, PC-3, and DU145) also expressed higher levels of BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mRNA than did primary cultures of normal prostatic epithelial cells. In contrast, only the estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 cell line overexpressed these messages, whereas the estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cell lines Hs578T, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468 showed no change in expression levels when compared with normal breast epithelial cells. In addition, expanding on our recent identification of a novel BRCA2 transcript variant carrying an in-frame exon 12 deletion (BRCA2 delta 12), we report increased expression of this variant in several ovarian, prostate, and mammary cancer cell lines (OVCA420, OVCA433, ALST, DOV13, SKOV3, TSU-Pr1, DU145, and MDA-MB-468). Most notably, high levels of BRCA2 delta 12 mRNA were detected in an estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, and in an androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line, DU-145. Interestingly, the wild-type BRCA2 transcript was barely detectable in DU145, which could be used as a model system for future investigations on BRCA2 delta 12 function. Taken together, our data suggest disruption of BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 gene expression in certain epithelial cancer cell lines of the ovary, prostate, and breast. Because wild-type BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene products increase during cell-cycle progression and are believed to exert growth-inhibitory action, enhanced expression of these genes in cancer cells may represent a negative feedback mechanism for curbing proliferation in fast-growing cells. At present, the functionality of BRCA2 delta 12 remains elusive. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA. Rauh-Adelmann C C Lau K M KM Sabeti N N Long J P JP Mok S C SC Ho S M SM eng C69453 United States PHS CA15576 CA United States NCI CA62269 CA United States NCI Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

UNITED STATES Mol Carcinog 8811105 0 BRCA1 Protein 0 BRCA2 Protein 0 Neoplasm Proteins 0 RNA, Messenger 0 Transcription Factors IM BRCA1 Protein genetics BRCA2 Protein Breast metabolism Breast Neoplasms genetics Cell Line Epithelial Cells metabolism Exons Female Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic Genes, BRCA1 Humans Male Neoplasm Proteins genetics Ovarian Neoplasms genetics Prostatic Neoplasms genetics RNA, Messenger genetics Sequence Deletion Transcription Factors genetics Transcription, Genetic Tumor Cells, Cultured Variation (Genetics) 11025314 2001 01 05 2001 01 05 2006 11 15

0108-2701 56 ( Pt 10) 2000 Oct Multicentre hydrogen bonds in a 2:1 arylsulfonylimidazolone hydrochloride salt. 1247-50 The title compound, (S)-(+)-4-[5-(2-oxo-4, 5-dihydroimidazol-1-ylsulfonyl)indolin-1 -ylcarbonyl ]anilinium chloride (S)-(+)-1-[1-(4-aminobenzoyl)indoline-5- sulfonyl]-4-phenyl-4, 5-dihydroimidazol-2-one, C(24)H(23)N(4)O(4)S(+).Cl(-). C(24)H(22)N(4)O(4)S, crystallizes in space group C2 from a CH(3)OH/CH(2)Cl(2) solution. In the crystal structure, there are two different conformers with their terminal C(6) aromatic rings mutually oriented at angles of 67.69 (14) and 61.16 (15) degrees. The distances of the terminal N atoms (of the two conformers) from the chloride ion are 3.110 (4) and 3.502 (4) A. There are eight distinct hydrogen bonds, i.e. four N-H...Cl, three N-H...O and one N-H...N, with one N-H group involved in a bifurcated hydrogen bond with two acceptors sharing the H atom. C-H...O contacts assist in the overall hydrogen-bonding process. College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Taejeon 305-764, Korea. parki@cnu.ac.kr. Park K L KL Moon B G BG Jung S H SH Kim J G JG Suh I H IH eng Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

DENMARK Acta Crystallogr C 8305826 0 1-(1-(4-aminobenzoyl)indoline-5-sulfonyl)-4-phenyl-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-one 0 Antineoplastic Agents 0 Imidazoles 0 Sulfones IM Antineoplastic Agents chemistry Crystallography, X-Ray Hydrogen Bonding Imidazoles chemistry Models, Molecular Molecular Conformation Stereoisomerism Sulfones chemistry 11056631 2000 12 01

0031-9007 85 19 2000 Nov 6 Phys. Rev. Lett. Dislocated epitaxial islands. 4088-91 Dislocation networks observed in CoSi (2) islands grown epitaxially on Si are compared with the results of dislocation-dynamics calculations. The calculations make use of the fact that image forces play a relatively minor role compared to line tension forces and dislocation-dislocation interactions. Remarkable agreement is achieved, demonstrating that this approach can be applied more generally to study dislocations in other mesostructures. IBM Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA. Liu X H XH Ross F M FM Schwarz K W KW eng Journal Article

UNITED STATES Phys Rev Lett 0401141 IM 11034741 2001 01 26 2001 08 02 2007 11 15

1469-493X 4 2000 Parent-training programmes for improving maternal psychosocial health. CD002020 BACKGROUND: The prevalence of mental health problems in women is 1:3 and such problems tend to be persistent. There is evidence from a range of studies to suggest that a number of factors relating to maternal psychosocial health can have a significant effect on the mother-infant relationship, and that this can have consequences for the psychological health of the child. It is now thought that parenting programmes may have an important role to play in the improvement of maternal psychosocial health. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review is to address whether group-based parenting programmes are effective in improving maternal psychosocial health including anxiety, depression and self-esteem. SEARCH STRATEGY: A range of biomedical, social science, educational and general reference electronic databases were searched including MEDLINE, EMBASE CINAHL, PsychLIT, ERIC, ASSIA, Sociofile and the Social Science Citation Index. Other sources of information included the Cochrane Library (SPECTR, CENTRAL), and the National Research Register (NRR). SELECTION CRITERIA: Only randomised controlled trials were included in which participants had been randomly allocated to an experimental and a control group, the latter being either a waiting-list, no-treatment or a placebo control group. Studies had to include at least one group-based parenting programme, and one standardised instrument measuring maternal psychosocial health. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: A systematic critical appraisal of all included studies was undertaken using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) published criteria. The data were summarised using effect sizes but were not combined in a meta-analysis due to the small number of studies within each group and the presence of significant heterogeneity. MAIN RESULTS: A total of 22 studies were included in the review but only 17 provided sufficient data to calculate effect sizes. These 17 studies reported on a total of 59 outcomes including depression, anxiety, stress, self-esteem, social competence, social support, guilt, mood, automatic thoughts, dyadic adjustment, psychiatric morbidity, irrationality, anger and aggression, mood, attitude, personality, and beliefs. Approximately 22% of the outcomes measured suggested significant differences favouring the intervention group. A further 40% showed differences favouring the intervention group but which failed to achieve conventional levels of statistical significance, in some cases due to the small numbers that were used. Approximately 38% of outcomes suggested no evidence of effectiveness. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that parenting programmes can make a significant contribution to the improvement of psychosocial health in mothers. While the critical appraisal suggests some variability in the quality of the included studies, it is concluded that there is sufficient evidence to support their use with diverse groups of parents. However, it is also suggested that some caution should be exercised before the results are generalised to parents irrespective of the level of pathology present, and that further research is still required. Health Services Research Unit, University of Oxford, Institute of Health Sciences, Old Road, Oxford, UK, OX3 7LF. esther.coren@dphpc.ox.ac.uk Barlow J J Coren E E eng Journal Article Review

England Cochrane Database Syst Rev 100909747 IM Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(2):CD002020 11406024 Anxiety therapy Depression therapy Female Humans Maternal Behavior psychology Mother-Child Relations Parenting Program Evaluation Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Self Concept 99 11237011 2001 03 09 2001 03 22 2006 11 15

0028-0836 409 6822 2001 Feb 15 Nature Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. 860-921 The human genome holds an extraordinary trove of information about human development, physiology, medicine and evolution. Here we report the results of an international collaboration to produce and make freely available a draft sequence of the human genome. We also present an initial analysis of the data, describing some of the insights that can be gleaned from the sequence. Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Center for Genome Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. lander@genome.wi.mit.edu Lander E S ES Linton L M LM Birren B B Nusbaum C C Zody M C MC Baldwin J J Devon K K Dewar K K Doyle M M FitzHugh W W Funke R R Gage D D Harris K K Heaford A A Howland J J Kann L L Lehoczky J J LeVine R R McEwan P P McKernan K K Meldrim J J Mesirov J P JP Miranda C C Morris W W Naylor J J Raymond C C Rosetti M M Santos R R Sheridan A A Sougnez C C Stange-Thomann N N Stojanovic N N Subramanian A A Wyman D D Rogers J J Sulston J J Ainscough R R Beck S S Bentley D D Burton J J Clee C C Carter N N Coulson A A Deadman R R Deloukas P P Dunham A A Dunham I I Durbin R R French L L Grafham D D Gregory S S Hubbard T T Humphray S S Hunt A A Jones M M Lloyd C C McMurray A A Matthews L L Mercer S S Milne S S Mullikin J C JC Mungall A A Plumb R R Ross M M Shownkeen R R Sims S S Waterston R H RH Wilson R K RK Hillier L W LW McPherson J D JD Marra M A MA Mardis E R ER Fulton L A LA Chinwalla A T AT Pepin K H KH Gish W R WR Chissoe S L SL Wendl M C MC Delehaunty K D KD Miner T L TL Delehaunty A A Kramer J B JB Cook L L LL Fulton R S RS Johnson D L DL Minx P J PJ Clifton S W SW Hawkins T T Branscomb E E Predki P P Richardson P P Wenning S S Slezak T T Doggett N N Cheng J F JF Olsen A A Lucas S S Elkin C C Uberbacher E E Frazier M M Gibbs R A RA Muzny D M DM Scherer S E SE Bouck J B JB Sodergren E J EJ Worley K C KC Rives C M CM Gorrell J H JH Metzker M L ML Naylor S L SL Kucherlapati R S RS Nelson D L DL Weinstock G M GM Sakaki Y Y Fujiyama A A Hattori M M Yada T T Toyoda A A Itoh T T Kawagoe C C Watanabe H H Totoki Y Y Taylor T T Weissenbach J J Heilig R R Saurin W W Artiguenave F F Brottier P P Bruls T T Pelletier E E Robert C C Wincker P P Smith D R DR Doucette-Stamm L L Rubenfield M M Weinstock K K Lee H M HM Dubois J J Rosenthal A A Platzer M M Nyakatura G G Taudien S S Rump A A Yang H H Yu J J Wang J J Huang G G Gu J J Hood L L Rowen L L Madan A A Qin S S Davis R W RW Federspiel N A NA Abola A P AP Proctor M J MJ Myers R M RM Schmutz J J Dickson M M Grimwood J J Cox D R DR Olson M V MV Kaul R R Raymond C C Shimizu N N Kawasaki K K Minoshima S S Evans G A GA Athanasiou M M Schultz R R Roe B A BA Chen F F Pan H H Ramser J J Lehrach H H Reinhardt R R McCombie W R WR de la Bastide M M Dedhia N N Blöcker H H Hornischer K K Nordsiek G G Agarwala R R Aravind L L Bailey J A JA Bateman A A Batzoglou S S Birney E E Bork P P Brown D G DG Burge C B CB Cerutti L L Chen H C HC Church D D Clamp M M Copley R R RR Doerks T T Eddy S R SR Eichler E E EE Furey T S TS Galagan J J Gilbert J G JG Harmon C C Hayashizaki Y Y Haussler D D Hermjakob H H Hokamp K K Jang W W Johnson L S LS Jones T A TA Kasif S S Kaspryzk A A Kennedy S S Kent W J WJ Kitts P P Koonin E V EV Korf I I Kulp D D Lancet D D Lowe T M TM McLysaght A A Mikkelsen T T Moran J V JV Mulder N N Pollara V J VJ Ponting C P CP Schuler G G Schultz J J Slater G G Smit A F AF Stupka E E Szustakowski J J Thierry-Mieg D D Thierry-Mieg J J Wagner L L Wallis J J Wheeler R R Williams A A Wolf Y I YI Wolfe K H KH Yang S P SP Yeh R F RF Collins F F Guyer M S MS Peterson J J Felsenfeld A A Wetterstrand K A KA Patrinos A A Morgan M J MJ de Jong P P Catanese J J JJ Osoegawa K K Shizuya H H Choi S S Chen Y J YJ Szustakowki J J International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium eng Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

England Nature 0410462 0 DNA Transposable Elements 0 Proteins 0 Proteome 63231-63-0 RNA IM Nature. 2001 Feb 15;409(6822):814-6 11236992 Nature. 2001 Feb 15;409(6822):818-20 11236994 Nature. 2001 Feb 15;409(6822):820-1 11236995 Nature. 2001 Feb 15;409(6822):822-3 11236997 Nature. 2001 Oct 18;413(6857):660 11606985 Nature 2001 Aug 2;412(6846):565 Nature 2001 Jun 7;411(6838):720 Szustakowki, J [corrected to Szustakowski, J] Animals Chromosome Mapping Conserved Sequence CpG Islands DNA Transposable Elements Databases, Factual Drug Industry Evolution, Molecular Forecasting GC Rich Sequence Gene Duplication Genes Genetic Diseases, Inborn Genetics, Medical Genome, Human Human Genome Project Humans Mutation Private Sector Proteins genetics Proteome Public Sector RNA genetics Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid Sequence Analysis, DNA methods Species Specificity 11243089 2001 03 12 2001 05 17 2006 11 15

0019-557X 43 1 1999 Jan-Mar Nutritional status of pavement dweller children of Calcutta City. 49-54 Pavement dwelling is likely to aggravate malnutrition among its residents due to extreme poverty, lack of dwelling and access to food and their exposure to polluted environment. Paucity of information about nutritional status of street children compared to that among urban slum dwellers, squatters or rural/tribal population is quite evident. The present study revealed the magnitude of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) and few associated factors among a sample of 435 underfives belonging to pavement dweller families and selected randomly from clusters of such families, from each of the five geographical sectors of Calcutta city. Overall prevalence of PEM was found almost similar (about 70%) to that among other 'urban poor' children viz. slum dwellers etc., but about 16% of them were found severely undernourished (Grade III & V of IAP classification of PEM). About 35% and 70% of street dweller children had wasting and stunting respectively. Severe PEM (Grade III & IV) was more prevalent among 12-23 months old, girl child, those belonged to illiterate parents and housewife mothers rather than wage earners. It also did increase with increase of birth rate of decrease of birth interval. Department of Community Medicine, Medical College, Calcutta. Ray S K SK Mishra R R Biswas R R Kumar S S Halder A A Chatterjee T T eng Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

India Indian J Public Health 0400673 IM J Child, Preschool Cluster Analysis Cross-Sectional Studies Educational Status Female Humans India epidemiology Infant Male Nutritional Status Poverty Prejudice Prevalence Protein-Energy Malnutrition epidemiology 143717 00288124 This document presents a cross-sectional survey concerning the magnitude of protein energy malnutrition (PEM) and its associated factors among 435 under-5 pavement-dwelling children in Calcutta. Results revealed that 69.43% were undernourished and that 16% of them were suffering from severe malnutrition (grade III and IV of the Indian Academy of Pediatrics criteria for PEM). The 24-35 month age group had the highest prevalence of malnutrition (82.93%) followed by the 36-47 and 12-23 month age groups with prevalences of 76.19% and 74.03%, respectively. Prevalence of severe grade malnutrition was noted to be three times higher in females (24.76%) than males (8.45%), and among families it increased in direct proportion to birth rate and inverse proportion to birth interval. Moreover, children of illiterate parents and nonworking mothers had a higher incidence of severe PEM. Simple measures such as exclusive breast-feeding and timely complementary feeding as well as measures directed toward birth spacing and limiting family size should be implemented to solve the problem of malnutrition. Age Factors Asia Child Child Nutrition Demographic Factors Developing Countries Diseases Geographic Factors Health Homeless Persons India Malnutrition Nutrition Nutrition Disorders Population Population Characteristics Research Methodology Research Report Residence Characteristics Sampling Studies Southern Asia Spatial Distribution Studies Surveys Urban Population Youth TJ: INDIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH. 11238657 2001 03 12 2001 05 17 2006 11 15

0022-1767 166 6 2001 Mar 15 J. Immunol. Histamine induces exocytosis and IL-6 production from human lung macrophages through interaction with H1 receptors. 4083-91 Increasing evidence suggests that a continuous release of histamine from mast cells occurs in the airways of asthmatic patients and that histamine may modulate functions of other inflammatory cells such as macrophages. In the present study histamine (10(-9)-10(-6) M) increased in a concentration-dependent fashion